Maggie A Girl of the Streets

Maggie A Girl of the Streets The Basic Information about the Client Maggie is a youthful Caucasian lady in her twenties who originated from the Bowery neighborhood. Maggie chose to request the assistance of an expert without the effect of different people. The reason for the referral is the sentiments of misery and blame from which the lady endures. Maggie states that she additionally experiences negative considerations and the possibility of self destruction turned out to be fairly over the top. The lady is by all accounts anxious and depleted, her discourse and developments are fitful.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Maggie: A Girl of the Streets explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Background Information Maggie says she originates from the poor family living in the Bowery neighborhood of New York. Maggie and her two siblings were raised by the unfeeling dad and mother who experienced liquor misuse. The young lady developed tentative and timid, however she would have l iked to get the great training, conquer neediness, and build up her insight and perspectives. As a general rule, Maggie’s training is poor, and her working experience depends on the work at the shirt manufacturing plant. Disregarding the issues inside the family with the mother and sibling, Maggie trusted she could improve the circumstance. The lady started relations with her brother’s companion Pete, accepting the man could assist her with getting away from the neediness. By the by, the family didn't acknowledge the reality of Maggie’s relations, and the lady needed to venture out from home inclination blame for her improper conduct. The relations with Pete were stopped in view of his goal, yet the lady couldn't return back to her family. Thus, today, Maggie needs to function as a whore so as to procure some cash, however she doesn't perceive any positive points of view in her life. The Psychological Profile Having focused on the data given by Maggie in the mee ting, today is conceivable to express that Maggie experiences the issues related with such social issues as destitution and need to fill in as a whore. The lady can't acknowledge the reality, however she likewise doesn't see potential variations to defeat the circumstances. Having evaluated Maggie’s mental state with the assistance of mental rating scales, it is conceivable to take note of that the lady experiences melancholic misery which can bring about creating self destruction thoughts. Besides, Maggie’s discourse is loaded with words with the negative undertone, and she is fixed on her negative sentiments and feelings. The regular indications of clinical sadness are sentiments of misery, misfortune, disappointment, and misery which are experienced by Maggie. The lady additionally expresses that she feels being double-crossed by her family members and sweetheart since they deserted her, and this inclination makes Maggie examine herself as useless and void. Beside s, she examines her present situation as a whore as the consequence of her shameless conduct and relations with Pete.Advertising Looking for paper on american writing? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From this point, Maggie experiences rather inverse sentiments of blame and weakness which are the aftereffects of her sure aims to improve the existence conditions starting relations with Pete and her negative understanding of being ‘ruined’ and deceived by Pete. This passionate contention is powerful for Maggie, and its blend with the hazardous life conditions makes Maggie pick crafted by prostitute since she doesn't talk about herself as deserving of the better life on account of the negative understanding. The aftereffect of these inward clashes is clinical melancholic despondency which is seen with references to Maggie’s explanation of her trouble, tension, misery, loss important to the life, and gloom. The indications of sadness are watched while concentrating on the woman’s appearance. Maggie doesn't focus on her garments and appearance, she abstains from taking a gander at the questioner, and she is fairly aloof while telling about her issues. Proposals and Therapies The side effects of Maggie’s misery can be remembered and rewarded, if a clinician centers around expanding Maggie’s confidence. The issue is in the woman’s protection from acknowledge her entitlement to carry on with the better life since she is fixed on her negative understanding. Be that as it may, the intricate treatment likewise incorporates the work situated to improving the social conditions which cause Maggie to feel disappointed. Subsequently, Maggie ought to get the assistance as indicated by the subjective social treatment. It is valuable to take part in the gathering of help. It is useful for Maggie to surrender her work as a whore and come back to the work at the industrial faci lity so as to change the economic wellbeing. All things considered, Maggie can encounter a few troubles with changing the work on the grounds that the lady feels that she can't acknowledge the better position in light of her improper conduct. It is important to concentrate on the treatment with an analyst so as to help Maggie comprehend the way that she isn't liable in the issues of her family, yet she is sufficiently able to conquer the issues. Forecast There are high possibilities for Maggie to conquer her downturn. At the principal phase of recuperation, Maggie should take a shot at her confidence and maintain a strategic distance from negative reasoning styles. Subsequently, Maggie can feel forces to change the work. The drawn out results of the treatment are simply the improvement of Maggie’s regard and will alongside changing the living situations. Maggie can get free from her family’s foundation with changing the region of the city or even the city itself. Maggi e can likewise concentrate on correspondence with individuals since it is critical to her to discover the harmony among naivety and doubt comparable to people.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Maggie: A Girl of the Streets explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Speak by Laurie Hale Anderson - Book Review

Talk by Laurie Hale Anderson - Book Review Talk by Laurie Halse Anderson is a different honor winning book, yet it is additionally recorded by the American Library Association as one of the best 100 books tested between 2000-2009. Consistently a few books are tested and restricted the country over by people and associations who accept the substance of the books are unseemly. In this audit you will get familiar with the book Speak, the difficulties it has gotten, and what Laurie Halse Andersonâ and others need to state about the issue of control.  Speak: The Story  Melinda Sardino is a multi year old sophomore whose life is drastically and for all time changed the night she goes to a finish of summer party.  At the gathering Melinda is assaulted and calls the police, however doesn’t get the chance to report the wrongdoing. Her companions, thinking she called to bust the gathering, evade her and she turns into a pariah. When dynamic, mainstream, and a decent understudy, Melinda has gotten pulled back and discouraged. She abstains from talking and doesn’t deal with her physical or emotional well-being. Every one of her evaluations begin to slide, aside from her Art evaluation, and she starts to characterize herself by little demonstrations of resistance, for example, declining to give an oral report and playing hooky. In the interim, Melinda’s attacker, a more seasoned understudy, quietly insults her at each chance. Melinda doesn’t revealâ the subtleties of her experienceâ until one of her previous companions starts to date a similar kid who assaulted Melinda. While trying to caution her companion, Melinda composes an unknown letter and afterward defies the young lady and clarifies what truly occurred at the gathering. At first, the previous companion will not trust Melinda and blames her for envy, however later says a final farewell to the kid. Melinda is gone up against by her rapistâ who blames her for devastating his notoriety. He endeavors to ambush Melinda once more, yet this time she finds the ability to talk and shouts noisily enough to be heard by different understudies who are close by.   Speak: The Controversy and the Censorship  Since its distribution discharge in 1999 Speak has been tested on its substance about assault, rape and self-destructive contemplations. In September of 2010 one Missouri teacher needed the book prohibited from the Republic School District since he considered the two assault scenes â€Å"soft pornography.† His assault on the book evoked a media tempest of reactions remembering an announcement from the writer herself for which she guarded her book. (Source: Laurie Halse Anderson’s Web website) The American Library Association recorded Speak as number 60 in the main one hundred books to be restricted or tested somewhere in the range of 2000 and 2009. Anderson knew when she composed this story that it would be a questionable subject, however she is stunned at whatever point she finds out about a test toâ her book. She composes that Speak is about the enthusiastic injury endured by an adolescent after a rape and isn't delicate sex entertainment. (Source: Laurie Halse Andersons Web webpage) Notwithstanding Andersons barrier of her book, her distributing organization, Penguin Young Readers Group, set a full page advertisement in the New York Times to help the writer and her book. Penguin spokeswoman Shanta Newlin expressed, That such an adorned book could be tested is disturbing. (Source: Publishers Weekly Web website)  Speak: Laurie Halse Anderson and Censorship  Anderson uncovers in numerous meetings that the thought for Speak went to her in a bad dream. In her bad dream a young lady is crying, yet Anderson didn't have the foggiest idea about the explanation until she began to compose. As she composed the voice of Melinda came to fruition andâ began to speak. Anderson felt constrained to disclose to Melindas story. With the accomplishment of her book (a National Award finalist and a Printz Honor Award) came the reaction of discussion and control. Anderson was paralyzed, however ended up in another situation to stand in opposition to oversight. States Anderson, â€Å"Censoring books that manage troublesome, juvenile issues doesn't secure anyone. It leaves kids in the dimness and makes them defenseless. Restriction is the offspring of dread and the dad of numbness. Our kids can't bear to have reality of the world retained from them.† (Source: Banned Books Blog) Anderson gives a segment of her site to oversight issues and explicitly addresses the difficulties to her book Speak. She contends with regards to teaching others about rape and records alarming insights about young ladies who have been assaulted. (Source: Laurie Halse Andersons Web Site) Anderson is effectively engaged with national gatherings that fight restriction and book prohibiting, for example, the ABFFE (American Booksellers for Free Expression), the National Coalition Against Censorship, and the Freedom to Read Foundation.  Speak: My Recommendation  Talk is a novel about strengthening and it is a book that each youngster, particularly high schooler young ladies, should peruse. There is an opportunity to be peaceful and an opportunity to stand up, and on the issue of rape, a young lady needs to discover the mental fortitude to speak loudly and request help. This is the fundamental message of Speak and the message Laurie Halse Anderson is attempting to pass on to her perusers. It must be clarified that Melindas assault scene is a flashback and there are no realistic subtleties, yet suggestions. The epic is centered around the passionate effect of the demonstration, and not simply the demonstration. By composing Speak and guarding its entitlement to voice an issue, Anderson has opened the entryway for other authorsâ to expound on genuine high schooler issues. In addition to the fact that this books manage a contemporary high schooler issue, yet its a bona fide generation of the youngster voice. Anderson deftly catches the secondary school understanding and comprehends the adolescent perspective on coteries and what it feels like to be a pariah. I thought about the age proposals for quite a while on the grounds that this is such a significant book, that should be read. Its an incredible book for conversation and 12 is an age when young ladies are changing genuinely and socially. Be that as it may, I understand that on account of the develop content, each multi year old may not be prepared for the book. Thus, I suggest it for a very long time 14-18 and, what's more, for those 12 and multi year olds with the development to deal with the point. The distributers suggested ages for this book is 12 and up. (Speak, 2006. ISBN: 9780142407325)

How to Use Anger Management for Stress Relief

How to Use Anger Management for Stress Relief Stress Management Management Techniques Print Anger Management for Stress Relief By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on June 24, 2019 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living Poorly managed anger can lead to health issues and emotional challenges. Peter Dazeley/Getty Images It’s natural to get angry sometimes, and doing so can actually be healthy, too. Anger serves some important functions, particularly that of moving us to action when things need changing in our lives. Therefore, setting a goal of never experiencing anger probably wouldn’t be desirable, even if it were possible  to reach. Those who try for a complete lack of anger often end up just ‘stuffing’ their emotions, then ‘blowing up’ at inopportune times and causing more problems for themselves than if they had expressed their anger in healthy ways. The goal of anger management is twofold: to eliminate unnecessary anger, and to express necessary anger in healthy ways. The following anger management tips and exercises can help you with the dual goals of anger management, enabling you to enjoy healthier relationships and less stress in your life. Examine Your Beliefs This one can be tricky, but it’s a way to prevent some of your feelings from turning into anger in the first place â€" a way to eliminate unnecessary anger. When you get angry, you can often (some experts even go so far as to say always) trace the emotion back to a belief that what happened was wrong, not supposed to have happened, was due to someone else’s negligence or lack of caring, etc. Pinpointing the exact thoughts that are tied to your anger can enable you to talk yourself out of anger, or realize that whatever it is that’s triggering your anger may not necessarily need to lead to an angry response. Eliminate Some of Your ‘Anger Triggers’ If you find that you often get angry in the car when you’re in a hurry and slow traffic makes you late, you can work on reorganizing your schedule to find a few extra minutes to accommodate traffic. You can play music in your car to relax or use stress management techniques to calm your physiology.  If you have a friend who constantly triggers your anger, you may want to look at the beliefs behind your anger with this person or limit your contact. The point is if you already know what things seem to bring about an anger response, and you can cut them out of your life, why not do so in the interest of anger management? Once you’re aware of what types of things make you angry, you can start cutting some of these triggers out of your life. Develop Effective Communication Skills Much of our anger tends to get directed at other people. Effective communication skills and conflict resolution techniques can help in two ways: They can help us communicate our boundaries to others so that we’re less likely to feel frustration and anger in our relationships, and they help us to do so in a way that doesn’t provoke anger in others. Take Care of Yourself If your body is under a lot of stress and strain, you may be more prone to anger in your daily life. For example, sleep-deprived people are often cranky; the same holds for hungry people. If you’re able to create a nice work-life balance so that you have enough time outside of work to get quality sleep, eat a healthy diet, and have some time for hobbies, creativity, and relationships, you should find yourself less tense and anger-prone.   Keep Some Stress Relievers Handy When you’re having one of those days that youll scream if one more thing goes wrong, you usually do end up yelling at some point (figuratively or literally). Added stress can make you more anger-prone. Therefore, having stress management techniques on-hand to quiet the storm can help you soften or eliminate anger in your life. Some techniques that are especially useful? Breathing exercises are one of my favorite techniques; a few deep breaths can calm your stress response and enable you to feel more in control in virtually any situation. Progressive muscle relaxation can also offer some fast benefits, especially when practiced regularly. Cognitive restructuring can also be great for stress relief as well as anger management. As for ongoing practices, meditation can provide some lasting benefits; not only do you feel better when you’re practicing it, but it can help you be less reactive to stress overall. Exercise carries similar benefits.   Get Support If You Need It While anger can push people away, it can also be a cry for help. If you find yourself angry more often than you’d like, you may just need more help and support from others. For example, if a messy house puts you on edge, enlisting cleaning help may be an effective anger management technique for you. If you find that you’re angry over constant ‘little things,’ perhaps you’re too busy and overwhelmed, and you need to cut back on your lifestyle stress.  Don’t be afraid to ask others to help take some of the burdens off, if they’re able. Finally, if you feel that your anger management efforts aren’t as effective as you’d like, it might be useful to enlist the support of a therapist, who can help you take a deeper look at your anger and find ways to work through it and express it in healthy ways. Get Support With the 7 Best Online Anger Management Classes Because of the negative effects of anger, it’s important to prioritize anger management if you find yourself angry more often than you’d like. With a little work, you can make anger work for you (as a motivator for a change), rather than against you (as a threat to your health and happiness).

Abortion The Battle For Integrity - 1691 Words

Abortion: The Battle for Integrity On January 22, 1973, one pregnant woman made a radical argument to legalize abortion to the Dallas County Court in Texas that would dramatically shake the future of America. This young pregnant women known as Roe defiantly claimed to the assembly that the Texas laws for abortion were unconstitutional. The laws to establish abortion were authorized by the state governments at that time, and specifically the Texas laws ruled abortion illegal unless the mother’s life was threatened. After this heated debate known as Roe v. Wade, the United States Supreme Court eventually declared a woman s constitutional right to have an abortion (Kaplan 49). Ever since abortion was legalized in the court decision of Roe v. Wade, the justification for this act is that a fetus is not a person until viability, that women have a clear right to privacy for abortion laid out in the fourteenth amendment, and that if abortion was illegal, back alley abortions would become frequent and a risk to many wom en; despite this, a more persuasive view on abortion would be that a fetus is a potential life, that abortion denies a fetus the right to life and happiness guaranteed in the fourteenth amendment and the Declaration of Independence, and that legal abortion leads to more abortions and more use of abortion for the intent of birth control. In order of to justify the legalization of abortion, pro choice advocates claim that fetuses don t become a person until it sShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Abortion917 Words   |  4 PagesAbortions in Texas consist of ending a pregnancy of an unborn child before it can live out of the mother womb. However if the pregnancy ends not on purpose before the twenty four week mark then technically it would be considered a miscarriage. Though inducing the abortion on purpose has caused a lot of controversy over the past century. Deliberately putting people on one of two sides of this issues, of either being for it, which would be considered Pro Choice. Or in the other category of the ProRead MoreWomen s Health Care And Reproductive Rights1515 Words   |  7 PagesAbortion has been one of the hottest topics concerning women’s health care and reproductive rights. Tune into any presidential debate and you’ll notice candidates spending as much time discussing the topic as immigration, foreign policy, climate change, and gun control. There are a lot of misconceptions about the pro-choice movement but it can be explained in very simple terms. Being pro-choice does not mean pro-abortion, it simply means accepting that women have the choice to choose what theyRead MoreThe Controversial Issue Of Abortion1555 Words   |  7 Pagestopic of abortion in the United States has been and remains one of the most controversial issues in western culture and politics. An abortion can be defined as the expulsion of a fetus from the uterus before it can survive on its own. This comprises two major forms of abortion: spontaneous, which is often referred to as a miscarriage or induced abortion, which is the deliberate termination of a pregnancy. The term is commonly used to refer to the induced abortion, and this is the abortion, which hasRead MoreShould Abortion Be Legalized?930 Words   |  4 Pagesan overwhelmingly shocking amount of, not only pro-choice, but als o pro-abortion articles published to the New York Times, one particular text titled New F.D.A. Guidelines Ease Access to Abortion Pill caught my attention. Contrary to a lengthy duration of anti-abortion progressivism, it seems that pro-abortionist, and seemingly less detrimental pro-choice movements are gaining support, rather dishearteningly. Ultimately abortion, according to a plethora of both scriptural and secular ideologies, isRead MorePro Life Vs Pro Choice Debate1636 Words   |  7 PagesPro-Choice Debate History of Abortion The 1973 court case Roe v. Wade was a landmark decision for United States history, and it still remains very controversial today. The Court ruled that the right to privacy applied to a woman’s choice to have an abortion, therefore legalizing the action. Abortion is officially defined as the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks of pregnancy. Today there are two groups continuing this battle, â€Å"pro-life† and â€Å"pro-choice†Read MoreIs Abortion Justifiable In Cases Of Rape Or Incest?1496 Words   |  6 PagesAbortion is a topic that people love to argue. It is super easy to throw emotions into the argument because many people feel so strongly about it. People argue that abortion is either a good solution or a bad choice by the mother. However, many of the women who choose to have an abortion feel like it is their only choice. Finding out you are pregnant can be profoundly scary. Especially if the pregnancy is unplanned, or the mother is a victim of rape. It is assumed that most women who have beenRead MoreAbortion Is Not A New Idea1871 Words   |  8 PagesMerriam-Webster’s Dictionary abortion is, â€Å" the termination of a pregnancy after, accompanied by, resulting in, or closely followed by the death of the embryo or fetus.† Abortion is not a new idea, that is only understood in America. It is a procedure that has taken place worldwide for centuries. There is much debate over this topic because everyone has their own opinion of the idea. Some believe it should be banned forever and in all circumstances and others believe that abortion should be allowed andRead MoreThe Effects Of Negative Effects On Obama Health Care System1687 Words   |  7 Pagesservices in the U.S. according to its provisions. The Christians’ Reaction to Obama Healthcare Obamacare is the most threatening matter for Christians, and it represses their freedom of faith. Through a persistent legal battle of Christian Lawyers and associations against Obamacare, the U.S. Government allowed exception only for church, but not for Christian companies such as Hobby Lobby, many Christian school, and even hospitals. Therefore, it is the biggest issue faithfulRead MoreAbortion : The Battle Of Moral Rights Essay1835 Words   |  8 PagesAbortion: The Battle of Moral Rights One of the most controversial topics in the field of philosophy is abortion. The issue about the morality of abortion is continuously debated. The matter of abortion hinges on the question of personhood—because since then, every person has a moral status. The big question about the morality of abortion rise on the question: when does personhood begins? The two main sides of the abortion debate is between the conservative view which is supported by the CatholicRead MorePro Life And Pro Choice2045 Words   |  9 Pagesemphasize the issue of the rights of the unborn. o Pro-choice supporters stress the importance of the rights of the pregnant woman. †¢ The criteria of personhood is necessary to specify what we mean by a person. †¢ Initially, much of the debate about abortion centered around the question of the moral status of the fetus – In particular, if and when the fetus is a person. o It began sufficient conditions, which are conditions that if present would guarantee personhood. The structure of the argument looks

Cherie Cosmetics - 1822 Words

Cherie Cosmetics Case Analysis I. Statement of the Problem How can Cherie Cosmetics improve the operations and marketing of the Elegante division? How can the communications between the operations department and Elegante division be improved for better coordination? II. Areas of Consideration Cherie Cosmetics is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the International Cherie Company of New York. The company is directed by Ralph Nolk and has four distinctive product lines each headed by a general manager. Heather King is the general manager of the Elegante Division in Toronto, Canada. Bob Shaw is the Vice President of Operations. Dennis Green, the purchasing manager of operations, is Heather King’s main contact. [pic]†¦show more content†¦Heather King doesn’t have any resources that the operations department needs, thus she doesn’t have any power to direct their actions. Heather King is making demands to Dennis Green and Sandra Mirano, but she is not their superior and they are not in the same department. Dennis Green and Sandra Mirano’s manager is Bob Shaw. An employee should only have one manager. Dennis Green’s behavior of verbally attacking Heather King is inappropriate and unprofessional given that Heather King has a higher rank, but his behavior is understandable. He may have just been acting out of frustration from having to deal with different managers. As the purchasing manager, he does have a need to feel in control of his responsibilities. Heather King had reasons to bypass Dennis Green, but by doing so, she became a threat to his territory. When people feel threatened, they can become hostile and angry. III. Alternatives and Evaluation of Alternatives Alternative 1: Heather King can bring up the issue to Ralph Nolk. As the Managing Director superior to Bob Shaw, Ralph Nolk has the formal power to influence the operations department to coordinate with Heather King. Ralph Nolk has the resources that the operations department needs, thus he has power over their actions. Ralph Nolk may decide to use his formal power to motivate and provide theShow MoreRelatedCherie Cosmetics Case1124 Words   |  5 PagesAna Patricia B. Basa Cherie Cosmetics Limited Elegante Division Problem Statement What should Heather King do in order to address the problem on launching the new product for the Elegante Division as well as address the communication problem in the company? Objectives: 1. To be able to improve production of the new product being launched by Cherie Cosmetics. 2. To be able to address the communication problem in the company. 3. To be able to improve relationships among managersRead MoreRuthless Or Progressive Animal Testing1396 Words   |  6 Pagesmedia spreading news faster than ever before, people were astonished at the animal cruelty. Olay (by Proctor Gamble) admitted to over 400,000 tests and PETA called them out on their absence on the Leaping Bunny (cruelty-free products) list. M.A.C. Cosmetics moved their chemical testing to China to avoid lawsuits in the United States, but had to move back to the States after China, the number one country ironically accused of animal mistreatment, lifted their legal requirement of only testing on animalsRead MoreAnalysis of the External Environment of Business 11419 Words   |  6 Pagescountry, region, urban or rural areas, town or city and climate may affect businesses concerned with country clothing or regional specialties, for instance. Psychographic factors such as lifestyles, values and personality can influence health or cosmetic businesses mediagraphic factors involve media habits, such as newspapers people read. Finally, behavioural characteristics, for instance the occasion of purchases, brand loyalty or attitudes towards products can affect businesses involved in greetingsRead MoreHow Does Media Affect Children11485 Words   |  46 Pageschildren and the media Key messages 3 †¢ Parents want to be taken seriously in their role by the media and not patronised or ignored †¢ There is not enough information in the media, including newspapers and magazines, on parenting and family issues †¢ Cherie Blair came top in a poll for ‘good’ parents in the media, followed by Jack Straw. Paul McCartney was the most popular unprompted nomination †¢ Parents would most like to find information and support on television, followed by magazines, newspapersRead MoreLuxury Marketing- Louis Vuitton Marketing Strategy13307 Words   |  54 PagesBlueDonna Karan Cashmere MistEstee Lauder BeautifulEstee Lauder Knowing Estee Lauder Sensuous NudeEstee Lauder Pleasures  Fendi Fan di Fendi Justin Bieber SomedayPrada Candy Taylor Swift WonderstruckThierry Mugler Angel | Dior JAdoreDior Miss Dior Chà ©rie Thierry Mugler AngelIssey Miyake LEau dIssey Dior Hypnotic Poison Guerlain ShalimarLolita Lempicka by Lolita LempickaViktoramp; Rolf FlowerbombYSL Parisienne  Rochas Eau de Rochas  Reminiscence Rem Givenchy Ange ou Dà ©monGuerlain IdyllePaco RabanneRead MoreLuxury Marketing- Louis Vuitton Marketing Strategy13318 Words   |  54 PagesBlueDonna Karan Cashmere MistEstee Lauder BeautifulEstee Lauder Knowing Estee Lauder Sensuous NudeEstee Lauder Pleasures  Fendi Fan di Fendi Justin Bieber SomedayPrada Candy Taylor Swift WonderstruckThierry Mugler Angel | Dior JAdoreDior Miss Dior Chà ©rie Thierry Mugler AngelIssey M iyake LEau dIssey Dior Hypnotic Poison Guerlain ShalimarLolita Lempicka by Lolita LempickaViktoramp; Rolf FlowerbombYSL Parisienne  Rochas Eau de Rochas  Reminiscence Rem Givenchy Ange ou Dà ©monGuerlain IdyllePaco Rabanne

TEWWG Research Paper Free Essays

Nanny, who dearly cares for Jeanie, is beyond retroactive, only because she fears for her granddaughter’s safety. In Harpoon’s novel, Nanny did not have good experiences with white men. She was born into slavery and was overpowered by her master, raping her. We will write a custom essay sample on TEWWG Research Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Giving birth to a light-skinned child caused havoc. The master’s wife planned to whip Nanny, so she decided to run away and hide in the swamps with her daughter. In later years, Leafy is also raped by a white man, a school teacher. After witnessing disrespect, abuse, and rape of black women, Nanny doesn’t want to risk that happening to Jeanie as well. Nanny tells Jeanie the truth about the harsh world without sugar coating it. Nanny had every reason to be worried for Genie’s safety after being mistreated most of her life. Because of this she forbids Jeanie to seek love of her own and marries her off to old Logan Clicks. â€Å"Taint Logan Clicks Ah wants you to have, baby, it’s protection† (Hurst 14). â€Å"Maybe it’s some place way off in De ocean where De black man is in power, but we don’t know nothing’ but what we see. So De white man thrown down De load and tell De Niger man HTH pick it up. He pick it up because he have to, but he don’t tote it. He hand it to his womenfolk’s. De Niger woman is De mule uh De world so fur as Ah can see. Ad been praying’ uh it HTH be different wide you. Lad, Lad, Lad! † (Hurst 14). Nanny compares negro women to mules simply because that is how they are treated. Being a black woman was the worst that one could be. They were below white men, white women, and even black men. They were the lowest and were of course treated that way. Nanny was most definitely justified in her decision to marry off Jeanie to Logan Clicks. As a former slave, Nanny knew what it could be like for Jeanie without a husband, serving as her protection and escaping the cycle of rape and abuse throughout the generations. As Jeanie becomes tired of Logan and meets the charming and successful Joe Starks, she decides to leave for Detonative. While being Mrs.. Mayor Starks, Joe puts her to work at their store. Soon the lust in their relationship is lost. Realizing he is growing older and less attractive, Joe makes Jeanie fell terrible for every mistake she makes. This results in violence. When Jeanie makes a mistake in the store, Joe feels he needs to put Jeanie in her place by beating her in front of all the townsmen. After being abused once before, she maintained her emotions and was silent, but this time Jeanie retaliates. Deep down inside she is getting revenge on her father and grandfather. She eels how her mother and grandmother felt when they were disrespected, but at a lesser level. Wanting to avenge Nanny and Leafy, Jeanie fights back by striping away his manliness. Even being indirectly traumatized by sexual abuse has scarred Jeanie. Just by knowing that her mother and Nanny were taken advantage of hurts her deep inside. Coming into the world being a child of violence is mortifying. Especially, being abandoned by her mother and realizing that she never wanted Jeanie to begin with, makes one feel that they don’t deserve a place in this world. When not even the mother of the child can love them, who else can? These thoughts must have run through Janis mind a million times. Fortunately for Jeanie, Nanny did not want the family cycle of rape and abuse to continue throughout her generation. Nanny truly makes the difference, causing the cycle to break. Eventually Joe dies and Jeanie is on her own. Meeting a younger man, Tea Cake, she falls in love. First being loving and passionate, the relationship turns abusive as Tea Cake takes his anger out on Jeanie. She does not completely break the cycle of abuse. This time, Jeanie does nothing. She does not fight back at all. It is not that Jeanie could not fight back. She really trusted Tea Cake o love and protect her. When she gets hit she receives an overwhelming sense of betrayal and shock (Kessler). It was truly heartbreaking. Fighting back could even make thing worse and make Tea Cake even more aggressive. Jeanie was so deeply in love that she couldn’t leave. Even if she wanted to, she would have nowhere to go. In many cases when the woman tries to leave, the man becomes even angrier and would threaten them (Kessler). Resisting the control Of the abuser only seems to make matters worse. Just like Jeanie, many women are physically abused. The National Coalition Against Domestic Violence estimates that 1. Million women are victims of physical assault by their partner each year. Nearly eighty five percent of domestic violence victims are women and females between the ages of twenty and twenty-four are at the greatest risk of partner violence. Jeanie was only one of the few women to be assaulted. In the 1 ass’s, Genie’s time, it was even more likely that women were abused since men had more rights. One of the universal themes of literature is the idea that children suffer because of the mistakes of an earlier generation. In Genie’s case, this was true. Doing everything she could, Nanny tried to mold a safe world for Jeanie. How to cite TEWWG Research Paper, Essays

Virginia Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Virginia Woolfs Mrs. Dalloway. Answer: Introduction Mrs. Dalloway is a novel that was written by famous British novelist Virginia Woolf. The novel was published back in 1925 at the time when Britain was dealing with the trauma of World War 1. The novel is depictive of the subjective experiences and the memories of the key characters over a duration of one day in post-World War 1 London. The novel is divided into parts instead of chapters, which highlights the excellently interlaced texture of the characters thoughts. The novel was not just daring in its form, but even in its content. Woolf gave life to an ugly truth that was less talked about during that period - the war had already messed up the minds of people, weakening them psychologically. Critics have widely agreed that the writer found her voice with this novel. The novel did acquire a fair share of commercial and critical success. This book, commonly focusing on the most commonplace tasks like parties, shopping and eating dinner, presented that nothing is too small or too ordi nary for any writers attention. Mrs. Dalloway was successful in transforming novel as an art form. The novel is widely deemed as being one of the most influential novels of the twentieth century. Discussion Mrs. Dalloway has been created as a modern novel in its true sense by Virginia Woolf. The novel has been created from two short stories, Mrs. Dalloway in Bond Street and the unfinished The Prime Minister. The novel is describing a day in the life of its main character, Clarissa Dalloway on a June day in post-World War I London, England. In the character of Clarissa Dalloway, personality is one of the underlying themes of both the character and Virginia Woolfs fiction. The social image of the character screens the discordant features of the personality that could be diverted into different and opposing images. Each of the other characters can see just one of these features and then takes that as her actual personality. With the progress of the novel, the initial static image of the mirror paves the way for a series of moving and opposing views of Mrs. Dalloway, and her identity swells into encompassing all the different images while continuing un-encompassed by them. In recording the preparations by Clarissa of hosting a party, Woolf is recording all the views, impressions and remembrances of her own as well as of other characters. There exists no plots or sub-plots, no actual story, no action in its real sense and there is nothing actually happening in the novel, except the myriad of impressions that have been created by Woolfs fresh style of writing in opposition to the conventional one (Freedman 2014; Herman 2013). The novel is depicting a swiftly changing society and the narration is reflecting these changes. Mrs. Dalloway presents scathing impeachment of the then British class system and a tough assessment of the existing patriarchy. The social satire of the work extracts the majority of its force from ironic patterns of mythic reference that permits the mix of dramatic models from Greek tragedy and from the Christian liturgy. Woolf is envisioning an allegorical battle between good and evil amongst Clarissa's comic merriment of life and the disastrous death-dealing forces that are driving Septimus Smith towards suicide. The repetitive use of memory and flashbacks are the methods used by Woolf for creating interior time. The depiction of Big Ben at the start of a new chapter signifies the existence of external reality. The image of the city is neither lifeless nor static - it is full of buses, cars, and crowds of people who are simultaneously living their lives. Identity, which is a continual obsession of modernists is cast in a very different light. In the view of Woolf, the self is dependent on the other, still, it is separated from it. Intangible, ephemeral and elusive, true identity is difficult to capture (Edmondson 2012; Latham 2015). One more technique that helped Woolf unite interior and exterior time is repetition and the characters are joined by the consistent use if memory. The characters are placed in such a way as if searching for their own identities and they are feeling, thinking and experiencing instead of just acting. It is evident that the writer is not narrating her story like the way her predecessors did and the technique she has used is very commonly used by many modernist writers and that is what is shown as the stream of consciousness technique. As narrations are mostly mirrored in the mind of one character or another, it is most of the time fragmented and dreamlike, just like Mrs. Dalloway (Park 2012). Woolfs Mrs. Dalloway, which is written in the form of a stream of consciousness, is vivid, authentic and representative of the different traumatic experiences of the characters that have been caused by World War 1. Two main characters, Clarissa and Smith, show signs of traumatic suffering that has been incurred by World War 1. Both their spiritual discomfort and psychic problems are relevant to their experiences with war. The overall tone of the novel is of depression and melancholy, consistent with the thematic problem of the War incorporated imperceptibly in the narrative of the characters spirituality. Clarissas self rejects her husband's deference at all time, which goes in a perpetually conflated manner with her actual rebellious spirit, signifying an unequal competition among free individuality and the male-dominated society that she was dwelling in. what Clarissa is representative of is free individuality that is repressed by compulsive control of males. Clarissa is entertaini ng a doubtful hatred for Richard that defies the supreme male society he is standing for and is perceived by her as being a mans brutal claim over political interests and individual liberty. Clarissa sees Richards plausible demand as amounting to a form of hypocrisy hiding his male-chauvinism, which is actually coinciding with the military power and the forceful influence it had in the war that just was over and has rendered Clarissa a sense of being old and shriveled. Her despising resistance of the enclosed attic is bound up with her delicate feelings for the white sheets, which is metaphorically interconnected with her being in the hospital where there were wounded soldiers covered in white sheets. Therefore, when Clarissa gets shut up with the white sheet in the attic, she gets enforced with her memories and thoughts of the wounded and dead in the Great War, which was no less punishing than getting subdued by military brutality. Alignment, thus, arises between dictation by a mal e and the cruelty of the war. Many critics have diagnosed Septimus Smith as being a case of schizophrenia and even applied a conventional psychoanalytic interpretation of his character. However, they have actually failed to identify that he suffers not from any psychological pathology, but instead from a psychological injury, that has been imposed by his culture by means of war and has been made septic by the very same cultures postwar treatment of veterans (Czarnecki 2015; Hogan 2013). There existed a dominant belief for long that women suffered from pathological grief more than men, which was explored by Woolf in Mrs. Dalloway. She has explored the harmful effects of medicalizing and feminizing grief, with Septimus being left with no avenue of expressing his sorrow and suffering from melancholia. He hallucinates one for his dead comrades, showing the severity of war and the death toll that he has experienced with his own eyes. He ultimately took his own life to free himself from human nature, hypocrisy, and insincerity. In Clarissa's eyes rest is imagined as a preparation for death, with bed becoming the grave. Where Septimus has no other outlet other than death, Clarissa made efforts in maintaining her connectedness with the people she cared about the most, even validating herself and her relationships. Even though throughout the novel her sense of emptiness was repetitively exhibited, she made efforts in keeping herself connected with the past good memories (Wan g and Xie 2017). It is an extremely amazing thing that within a span of a single day, a lot of things took place with the characters inside Woolfs Mrs. Dalloway, and the past and the present life of Clarissa, particularly her love story got revealed. In the first of the novel itself, Clarissa Dalloway is seen with ally Seton, Peter Walsh, and Richard Dalloway. She had feelings and love for each one of them. Clarissas love for Sally is shown vividly by the narrator. Clarissa was attracted by the beauty of Sally, after which very quickly they became intimate. Sally was the first person to tell her about sex and different social problems. They had discussions about literature, life and so on, and danced with each other the whole life. She was happy with Sally, and Woolf describes her happiness as something with integrity and purity, with no self-interest. Even if they were always together, marriage was an impossible option for them. Back then, female homosexuality was not criminalized, but female love a ffairs were unacceptable. Their love affair was an illusion and disappeared fast. After thirty years of meeting at Clarissas party, they both felt no affection for each other (Blair 2012). Thirty years ago, Peter had feelings for Clarissa and he even loved her a lot and wanted to marry her. They were at parties and dances together. They seemed like an ordinary couple in the eyes of others. However, when Peter interrupted the kiss between Sally and Clarissa, Clarissa felt for the first time his jealousy and hostility and then ended up quarreling with him. Even though their romance period was not short, they lacked harmony. Among all three of Clarissas friends, Peter was her first lover. He understood the immeasurable effect of Clarissa on him. However, Clarissa did not choose him, but Sally. She thought he was like a little boy, which became more intense after meeting with Richard Dalloway. She could no longer tolerate the jealousy and narrow-mindedness of Peter. Even after leaving him, Clarissa could not, however, forget her time spent with him, which confused Peter about her actual feelings. She was living her life peacefully with Richard after their marriage, but sti ll, her sudden remembrances about her past lovers and experiences confused Peter (Russell 2015). There was a time when Clarissa loved all three of them equally - Sally, Peter, and Richard. She cannot ever give an affirmative answer. She is always living in her part, thinking about her love stories and looking for answers to her decision of marrying Richard and justifying her reasons for not marrying Peter. She feels no desire for either Peter or Richard and is unaware of by whom she is loved and whom she loves. For her, there is no one true love as she cannot love any one of them calmly, strongly and with ease. Instead, she might be loving a combination of them. Imagination and remembrance have led to her spiritual problem. Even though she is speculating, she might never find the answer till her last breath. In this context, Woolf is seemingly telling everyone that if a woman is thinking over her own experiences then she would find that there is nothing more confusing than love. Woolf is attempting at defining a womans goals in life and seeking for the answer of what a woman is and what they are hoping to be and do. Mrs. Dalloway is a different take on the age-old concept of a love triangle (Gelfant 2012). Conclusion The First World War was a major catastrophic event that struck people with countless wounds and deaths. Even after it ceased, the grief and agony did not get dispelled, continuing in the form of traumatic memories. Mrs. Dalloway is a good example of the inescapable effects of traumatic experiences, also serving as a reflective on the traumatic narratives of different protagonists. The novel displays pathetic diffusions of traumatic suffering. The novel has also helped draw attention to the external threats of War, something dreadful and inhuman. Even inside her very modernistic approach of narrative, Woolf has managed to stuff in a love triangle, at the time of war. References Blair, E., 2012.Virginia Woolf and the nineteenth-century domestic novel. SUNY Press. Bowlby, R. ed., 2016.Virginia Woolf. Routledge. Czarnecki, K., 2015. Virginia Woolfs Mrs. Dalloway (1925) and Leslie Marmon Silkos Ceremony (1977) Smith.Virginia Woolf: Writing the World, p.190. Edmondson, A., 2012. Narrativizing Characters in Mrs. Dalloway.Journal of modern literature,36(1), pp.17-36. Freedman, A., 2014.Death, Men, and Modernism: Trauma and Narrative in British Fiction from Hardy to Woolf. Routledge. Gelfant, B.H., 2012. Love and Conversion in" Mrs. Dalloway".Criticism,8(3), p.2. Herman, D., 2013. Modernist Life Writing and Nonhuman Lives: Ecologies of Experience in Virginia Woolf's Flush.MFS Modern Fiction Studies,59(3), pp.547-568. Hogan, P., 2013. Literary aesthetics: Beauty, the brain, and Mrs. Dalloway.Literature, neurology, and neuroscience: History and modern perspectives, pp.319-337. Latham, M., 2015.A Poetics of Postmodernism and Neomodernism: Rewriting Mrs Dalloway. Springer. Park, S.S., 2012, June. The Feeling of Knowing in Mrs. Dalloway: Neuroscience and Woolf. InContradictory Woolf: Selected Papers from the Twenty-First Annual International Conference on Virginia Woolf(pp. 108-114). Oxford University Press. Richter, H., 2015.Virginia Woolf: The Inward Voyage. Princeton University Press. Russell, R.R., 2015. Radical Empathy in Virginia Woolf's Mrs. Dalloway.Genre,48(3), pp.341-381. Ryan, D., 2013.Virginia Woolf and the Materiality of Theory: Sex, Animal, Life: Sex, Animal, Life. Edinburgh University Press. Scott, B.K., 2012.In the hollow of the wave: Virginia Woolf and modernist uses of nature. University of Virginia Press. Sim, L., 2016.Virginia Woolf: the patterns of ordinary experience. Routledge. Wang, J. and Xie, X., 2017. Traumatic Narrative in Virginia Woolfs Novel Mrs. Dalloway.English Language and Literature Studies,7(1), p.18.

Gradgrinds philosophy of education in Hard Times Essay Example

Gradgrinds philosophy of education in Hard Times Paper Charles Dickens novel Hard Times is a classic story about family problems, detachments and inappropriate family values set in industrial England. The main point of the story focuses on Thomas Gradgrind, a single-minded man who lacks emotions and whose philosophy is one dimensional. In order to discuss how Dickens presents education, in particular Gradgrinds philosophy of education it will be important to look further at the following points: Gradgrinds teaching style, interaction with his pupils and finally Gradginds personality. Thomas Gradgrind was a man built on the idea that facts and statistics were the only truth in life and all that was needed to have a healthy and productive life. Gradginds teaching style can be seen as regimented and one dimensional. For example, he believes in stating facts based on principles and has no time for anything outside the obvious. This can be seen at the beginning of the first chapter when Mr Gradgrind says, Now what I want is facts. Teach these boys and girls nothing but facts. This makes him seem a stubborn scary person, who lacks creativity and doesnt like to be challenged. We will write a custom essay sample on Gradgrinds philosophy of education in Hard Times specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Gradgrinds philosophy of education in Hard Times specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Gradgrinds philosophy of education in Hard Times specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Also he believes himself to be factual and proceeds upon a principle to be accurate. You can see that facts are very important to Mr Gradgrind as the word Facts has a capital letter most of the time. Dickens seems to give an over the top description of Mr Gradgrind, using dull, monotonous language through which he shows us that Mr Gradgrinds attitude towards education is purely based on facts. Dickens also presents Gradgrind as a very well organised man, who is described as square. Square wall of a forehead, where everything about him is dry and inflexible. Dickens has described this character for a reason, to make the reader imagine a very dull, unattractive character. Dickens use of repetitions creates effect on the character such as In this life, we want nothing but facts, sir nothing but facts! . This implies that Gradgrind is a firm believer of education and is accustomed to only one explanation, and he doesnt consider anything more complicated. Gradgrind has no imagination, creativity or inspiration of any kind because he has only one goal in mind. When Gradgrind speaks to his pupils he doesnt let them explore their thoughts of vision. For example in the conversation about horses with his class he quotes Do you ever see horses walking up and down the sides of rooms in reality- in fact. This shows that Gradgrind has no ability to believe in images or ideas in the mind, especially of things that never will be seen in reality. When Gradgrind addresses the pupils he uses an order to instruct, because he wants everything in the right classification of arrangement, for example when communicating he underlines them as numbers rather than names, for example Girl number twenty. This is his regimented way to organize his pupils because the children are not allowed any independent thought which takes their personality away from them. Also Gradgrind shows no respect for the students and believes he is superior to them. Another sentence Gradgrind uses: Sissy is not a name. Here he tells Sissy that her name is ridiculous and that she should change it, Call yourself Cecilia. This shows Gradgrind is ignorant to what the students may want or believe. He also wants everything in an appropriate order because of his factual regime. Gradgrind produces a quite ridiculous question for Sissy to answer Girl number twenty, give me a definition of a horse Sissy knows what a horse is as she was brought up with them, but she is unable to answer Gradgrinds ridiculous question because she does not know what the word definition means. Bitzer is then asked to describe the answer, he does so correctly, Quadruped. Graminivorous. Forty teeth This answer goes well with the question, it is also ridiculous, this is emphasised by the answer being something that a student of this age would not know. Bitzers mechanical reproduction of facts is the approved product of Gradgrinds system of education. Dickens uses other characters names to create effect in the philosophy. For example Mr Mr MChoakumchild who is portrayed as an unpleasant teacher at Gradginds school. His name suggests that he is not very fond of children, which stifles or chokes their imagination. Dickens describes Mr MChoakumchild as an intelligent man, the subjects and skills that he studied show that his knowledge was very high. For example Orthography, etymology, syntax and prosody . He believes that fact is all that the children need to know in life. Dickens chapter title gives an implied meaning, Murdering the innocents this gives a violent impression. This can be interpreted as cramming the pupils minds with facts and overpowering their ability to think in a wider context. In conclusion, it can be seen that Dickens presents Gradgrinds philosophy of education by portraying Gradgrind as a gruelling man, who is only interested in his own way of doing things. It is his teaching of facts and excluding imagination, fantasy and understanding. He is a very hard man and is representative of the title, for example Industrial England was full of hardship where people were poor and lead simple lives. Dickens also uses irony to symbolise his point, a good example is the name Mr MChoakumchild. It is ironic because the schools philosophy is to cram the childrens minds with facts thereby choking them. Dickens has succeeded in writing the opening chapters about education, and his use of language is very effective.

Free Essays on How Colors Affect The Mind

Outline Thesis Statement: Colors can affect a person’s mood or behavior. The Mind and Colors I. History of Colors II. Room Colors and Mood A. Green B. Yellow C. Red D. Blue E. Purple III. Applications A. Feng Shui B. Trivia 1. Green 2. Blue 3. Yellow IV. Testing Densmore 1 The eye can see 7,000,000 colors. Certain colors and relationships can be eye irritants, cause headaches, and wreak havoc with human vision. Other colors and color combinations are soothing. Consequently, the appropriate use of color can maximize productivity, minimize visual fatigue, and relax the whole body (Morton â€Å"Color and Vision† Yahoo) . Colors can affect a person’s mood or behavior. The color of kings was purple. For people of power red carpets were rolled out. Some cultures believed that certain colors were thought to have specific healing or energizing powers (Koncius 25). For example, a painting by Jan Van Eyeck (1434) shows a bride in the Renaissance Period wearing a gown of green to show her willingness and fertility to bear children. The Green Man was the god of fertility in Celtic myths. In the present, American culture has changed the signification of green to â€Å"heightened sexuality.† Green was a sacred color to the Egyptians representing the hope and joy of spring. It is also a sacred color to the Muslims. Japanese Emperor Hirohito’s birthday is celebrated as â€Å"Green Day† because he loved to garden (Morton â€Å"Color and Culture† Yahoo). A million years ago, when our earliest ancestors were searching for food, blue, purple, and black were â€Å"color warning signs† of potentially lethal food. Yell ow is a symbol of deity in many global religions. In China brides may not wear white to their weddings. It is thought that this color shows mourning. Similarly in India a bride wearing white shows that they are inviting widowhood ... Free Essays on How Colors Affect The Mind Free Essays on How Colors Affect The Mind Outline Thesis Statement: Colors can affect a person’s mood or behavior. The Mind and Colors I. History of Colors II. Room Colors and Mood A. Green B. Yellow C. Red D. Blue E. Purple III. Applications A. Feng Shui B. Trivia 1. Green 2. Blue 3. Yellow IV. Testing Densmore 1 The eye can see 7,000,000 colors. Certain colors and relationships can be eye irritants, cause headaches, and wreak havoc with human vision. Other colors and color combinations are soothing. Consequently, the appropriate use of color can maximize productivity, minimize visual fatigue, and relax the whole body (Morton â€Å"Color and Vision† Yahoo) . Colors can affect a person’s mood or behavior. The color of kings was purple. For people of power red carpets were rolled out. Some cultures believed that certain colors were thought to have specific healing or energizing powers (Koncius 25). For example, a painting by Jan Van Eyeck (1434) shows a bride in the Renaissance Period wearing a gown of green to show her willingness and fertility to bear children. The Green Man was the god of fertility in Celtic myths. In the present, American culture has changed the signification of green to â€Å"heightened sexuality.† Green was a sacred color to the Egyptians representing the hope and joy of spring. It is also a sacred color to the Muslims. Japanese Emperor Hirohito’s birthday is celebrated as â€Å"Green Day† because he loved to garden (Morton â€Å"Color and Culture† Yahoo). A million years ago, when our earliest ancestors were searching for food, blue, purple, and black were â€Å"color warning signs† of potentially lethal food. Yell ow is a symbol of deity in many global religions. In China brides may not wear white to their weddings. It is thought that this color shows mourning. Similarly in India a bride wearing white shows that they are inviting widowhood ...

Corporate governance for westpac Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Corporate governance for westpac - Assignment Example In addition, it has profound implications at all the levels of an organization (Hill and Jones 27). Significantly, the document reveals that numerous scholars argue that strategic planning provides a mere and perhaps less relevant understanding of strategic decision making, thus, the increasing adaptive strategy. In response, this document provides a comprehensive critique to the existing literature against the perception of emerging trends as well as the pressures in the contemporary business world. Therefore, it has referred numerous sustainability competencies that suggest the need of capable consideration of holistic and systemic pressures predicting future scenarios and considering how numerous stakeholders would perceive normative business practices. The sources have revealed that the Westpac group ranks among the top listed financial companies on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASE): in September 2010 Westpac’s market capitalization realized E.5 billion (AUD). Addit ionally, it has five key diverse customers; significantly, it serves approximately, 12.8 million customers ranging from institutional, business and retail banking, wealth management, and insurance. For instance, there is the Westpac Institutional Bank (WIB), Westpac Retail and Business Banking (WRBB), and BT Financial Group (BTFG). The sources have further identified that sustainability plays a central position in Westpac’s vision. The vision states that the Westpac has become one of the largest firms in assisting consumers, communities and prosperous people. Significantly, the company recognizes the links between healthy societies and sustainable businesses. Accordingly, Westpac has managed its direct as well as indirect environmental impacts. It has put appropriate strategies of dealing with the critical issue, such as climate change. Significantly, the company has recognized that climatic change influences profoundly on economic, social, and environmental aspects in their operating regions. Consequently, the Westpac has considered such issues before embarking on their investments, lending, and operational decisions. Additionally, the company has

Cannabis Use Policy in the USA and Netherlands and Its Implication for Essay

Cannabis Use Policy in the USA and Netherlands and Its Implication for Policy Change in the UK - Essay Example Research studies on cannabis use policies have revealed that easing up on the penalties for using cannabis does not influence the use of other drugs nor does it change people’s outlooks towards the use of drugs. The research studies go on to illustrate that removing the penalties for cannabis use do not sway overall drug use, instead, it diminishes harm on cannabis users (Institute of Medicine 1999, p. 102). As a result, more countries are liberalizing their cannabis use policies and controlling its supply by putting structures in place to monitor drug use. Several states in the USA and Netherlands have adopted such policy changes in which marijuana use has been liberalized. Individuals who use marijuana in small no longer face criminal charges for possession and use of marijuana. Those in possession of large amounts are still liable to be prosecuted. They have, however, placed caps on the maximum amount of marijuana that an individual can possess at any given time. Cannabis is a drug produced from the Cannabis sativa plant and can be used in either of three forms; flower tops; leaves; and herbs. The three forms can then be processed into forms that make them easier to use. It is the most widely used drug globally (Villatoro 2009, p. 287). Cannabis international control was discussed in the United Nations Office of Drug and Crime 1961 single convention on Narcotics Drugs in which many governments signed the convention to make cannabis an illegal drug. It is important to note that despite cannabis possession and use being liberalized in some countries, no country has ever legalized cannabis use and possession. The only respite provided for cannabis users is that formal penalties for use of small amounts of cannabis, that are used personally, have been removed (Robin et al. 2010, p. 24; Spruit 2002, pp. 119-141).

Chassis Strength Is Important Aspect Engineering Essay

Chassis Strength Is Important Aspect Engineering Essay Chassis strength is important aspect that needs to be considered in the study of a road vehicle design. Chassis or frames are the main structure for road vehicle design. Since the strength of chassis can be effected on stability and safety of vehicle. Because most of load are fully distribute along the chassis. Its will be have some critical point due to section that have more load over the beam section especially driver weight. This chapter introduce about the analysis of members under axial loading, beams, and frames. Structural members and machine components are generally subject to a push-pull, bending or twisting type of loading. Beams play significant roles in many engineering application, including building, bridges, automobiles and airplane structures. Beams are commonly subjected to transverse loading, which is a type of loading that creates bending in the beam. The definition of beam is a cross-sectional dimension of structural member that are relatively smaller than its length. A beam subjected to a distributed load is shown in figure 1.1. formulation to generate finite element models. However, the axial loading is defined as a linear element for the structure. For example in this section is employed to introduce the basic ideas of one dimensional element and shape function. Steel columns are commonly used to support loads from various floors of structural. The loading from the floors causes vertical displacements of various points along the column. Nowadays, with the high level of CAD to design, added with a computational technique in simulation and greater understanding in finite element analysis will help engineers to produce a more efficient in chassis building which is have lighten weight but have sufficient strength. This method also can improve of car from any factor such as twisting or actually have some deformation to the chassis. Analysis of strength chassis of car is the best answer to solve this problem. A  ¿Ã‚ ½UiTM Shell Eco-Sprint ¿Ã‚ ½ car which will participate in Shell Eco Marathon Asia 2012 was selected in this study to investigate about their chassis strength and each critical point that have for every chassis section. This project will focus on the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) analysis as a method to analyze the strength characteristic of the car design with different of chassis types. After that, the obtained result will be compared each other to choose which are the best strength chassis. The competition is split into two classes. The Prototype class focuses on maximum efficiency, while passenger comfort takes a back seat. The Urban Concept class encourages more practical designs. Cars enter one of seven categories to run on conventional petrol and diesel, biofuels, fuel made from natural gas (GTL), hydrogen, solar or electricity. Over several days, teams make as many attempts as possible to travel the furthest on the equivalent of one litre of fuel. Cars drive a fixed number of laps around the circuit at a set speed. Organisers calculate their energy efficiency and name a winner in each class and for each energy source. The scopes of safety, teamwork, design, and technical innovation will be including in mark for this competition. The competition inspires the engineers of the future to turn their vision of sustainable mobility into reality, if only for a few days. It also sparks passionate debate about what could one day be possible for cars on the road. 1.3 Problem statement When Formula 1 began in early 1950 ¿Ã‚ ½s, most of Europe racing teams used basic space frame chassis(Figure 1.2),that formed from the comprised of a series beams to be the complete shape of the car and consist of the engine, suspension, driver, and other vehicle sub-system. One of the main advantages of using the space frame design is its easy and logical construction process, of which can be performed by student with intermediate knowledge and experience using basic welding and metal working equipment. For the UITM Shell Eco-Sprint car, we choose space frame chassis as our type chassis design. The chassis must have the best possible strength to minimize deformation to vehicle and consequently make the chassis more safety from any dangerous. And also prevent from any crack happen to the chassis. In early stage, the chassis is designed with a lot of weakness in terms of strength of materials. This is because the load applied to the chassis is different from many directions. As example the driver load, tires holder, engine load. The entire factor will effect to the chassis strength and can make some deformation for any critical point. This project  ¿Ã‚ ½UiTM Shell Eco-Sprint ¿Ã‚ ½ will be started with design and modeling the car chassis using CAD software (SOLIDWORKS 2010). This research will focuses on 3D analysis. After the design is completed, it will be go through with Finite Element Analysis (FEA) modelling and mesh optimization. The strain, stress and deformation of the chassis will be investigated and analyzed by using application in Solidwork software. The strain, stress and deformation of the chassis also will be investigated and analyzed by using application in Abaqus software. Besides that, there have two drawing with different construction. The drawing is modelling by using Solidworks software. First, the beam of chassis constructed with the tube hollow without any modification to the beam surface. For the second, the beam of chassis was constructed with the same tube hollow but has some modification with horizontal holes along the beam structure as in figure 1.3. This two sample analysis will analyzed by using ABAQUS software and compared which one less deformation or the hole can make much critical strength or can increase the deformation of the chassis.The parametric study for this project is thickness and holes diameter of hollow tube. 1.3 Objective of research To ensure the successfulness of this research, the objective must be achieved. The objective of this research is as follow: 1) To reduce weight and making components more compact. 2) To improve the strength and rigidity characteristics. 3) To obtain the light weight chassis but have sufficient strength. 2.0 Introduction Finite Element Analysis (FEA) consists of a computer model of a design or material that is analyzed purposely to get a specific result. It is widely applied in a new product design, and existing product. A company is able to verify a proposed design will be able to perform to the clients specifications prior to manufacturing or construction [1]. Modifying an existing product or structure is utilized to qualify the product or structure for a new service condition. In case of structural failure, FEA may be used to help determine the design modifications to meet the new condition [1]. Nowadays, many of industry have analyzed by using 2D modelling and 3D modelling. While 2-D modelling conserves simplicity and allows the analysis to be run on a relatively normal computer, it tends to yield less accurate results [1]. 3-D modelling, however, produces more accurate results while sacrificing the ability to run on all but the fastest computers effectively [1]. Inside each of these modelling schemes, the programmer can insert various functions to make the system perform linearly or non-linearly. Linear systems are far less complex and generally do not take into account plastic deformation while non-linear systems do account for plastic deformation, and many also are capable of testing a material all the way to fracture [1]. 2.1 How does Finite Element Analysis work. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is one of the most common examples of engineering analysis and one of most commonly used and powerful feature of the CAD software. It can be applied in structural and FEA usually used in problems where analytical solution not easily obtained. To carry out the analysis of the object by using FEA, the object is dividing into finite number of small elements of shapes like rectangular or triangular. FEA used as a complex system of points called nodes which make a grid called a mesh [1]. This mesh is programmed to contain the material and structural properties which define how the structure will react to certain loading conditions. Nodes are assigned at a certain density throughout the material depending on the anticipated stress levels of a particular area [1]. Regions which will receive large amounts of stress usually have a higher node density than those which experience little or no stress. Points of interest may consist of fracture point of previously tested material, fillets, corners, complex detail, and high stress areas [1]. The mesh acts like a spider web in that from each node, there extends a mesh element to each of the adjacent nodes. This web of vectors is what carries the material properties to the object, creating many elements [1]. The figure 2.1 below show the sample of meshing step 2.2 Advantages of Finite Element Analysis The Finite Element Analysis is very important for every design. A new design may be modelled to determine its real world behaviour under a multiplicity of load category; hence it can be adjusted earlier to the design of drawings. There have many of advantages by using Finite Element Analysis. Firstly, it is very important tools for stress and strain analysis because it provides accurate information. Once a detailed CAD model has been developed, FEA can analyze the design in detail, saving time and money by reducing the number of prototypes required [2]. Then, this method can help to modify an existing product which is experiencing a field problem, or is simply being improved, can be analyzed to speed an engineering change and reduce its cost [2]. That is the case of study where some analysis are run in the computer to see how the occurrence of a stress concentrator affects the behaviour of the elements. If the concentration is high, the element can be modified with ease and the subjected to analysis again, and depending on the result, a decision has to be taken to see if it needs more changes. The combination of the software with other types of software is a very useful tool because the programme of the finite element analysis allows the designer to import models from other CAD software to another FEA software. FEA also can be performed on increasingly affordable computer workstations and personal computers, and professional assistance is available [2]. The Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has been widely implemented by automotive companies and is now used by design engineers as a design tool during the product development process. Some of modern FEA packages consist of detailed components such as thermal, electromagnetic, and structural working environments. In a structural simulation, FEA helps tremendously in producing stiffness and strength visualizations and also in minimizing weight, materials, and costs [3]. FEA allows detailed visualization of where structures bend or twist, and indicates the distribution of stresses and displacements [3]. FEA software provides a wide range of simulation options for controlling the complexity of both modelling and analysis of a system [3]. In the same way, the accuracy level and associated computational time requirements can be managed all together to most engineering applications. FEA allows entire designs to be constructed, refined, and optimized before the design is manufactured [3]. This powerful design tool has significantly improved both the standard of engineering designs and the methodology of the design process in many industrial applications [3]. The introduction of FEA has significantly decreased the time to take products from concept to the production line. It is primarily through improved initial prototype designs using FEA that testing and development have been accelerated. In summary, benefits of FEA include increased accuracy, enhanced design and better insight into critical design parameters, virtual prototyping, fewer hardware prototypes, a faster and less expensive design cycle, increased productivity, and increased revenue [3]. The definition of stress is a force exerted when one body or body part presses on, pulls on, pushes against, or tends to compress or twist another body or body part [4]. A normal stress, s as defined as: Where dF is a differential normal force acting on a differential area dA. It can summarized that normal stress is s = P/A, where P is the resultant force on area A. 2.4.2 Stress Von Misses The stress von misses known as yield criterion suggests that the yielding of materials begins when the second deviatoric stress invariant reaches a critical value [5]. Simple equations relate the tensile yield stress, shear yield stress and compressive yield stress to a material property. Von Misses stress is determined from the stress state as: 2.4.3 Strain Strain is a measure of intensity of deformation, which is an importance variable in the development of formulas used in the design against deformation failures [6]. The change in structure shape can be described by the displacements of point on the structure. The strain, e as define as: Where, ?L represents the deformation of the line and Lo the original value. 2.4.4 Tensile properties Tensile properties illustrate the reaction from material to forces that applied in tension. A tensile test is a basic mechanical test where a carefully prepared specimen is loaded in a very controlled manner while measuring the applied load and the elongation of the specimen over some distance. Tensile tests are used to determine the modulus of elasticity, elastic limit, elongation, proportional limit, reduction area, tensile strength, yield point, yield strength and other tensile properties [7]. 2.4.5 Elastic-plastic behavior Elastic region is the region of the stress-strain curve in which the material returns to the undeformed state when applied forces are removed. The plastic region is the region in which the material deforms permanently. Yield point is the points separating the elastic from the plastic region [7]. The elastic behavior, plastic behavior and yield point can be described from stress  ¿Ã‚ ½ strain curve. The stress at yield point is called yield stress. The permanent strain when stresses are zero is called plastic strain. The stress strain curve describing an elastic  ¿Ã‚ ½ plastic behavior for a ductile material is show in Figure 2.2. 2.4.6 Young ¿Ã‚ ½s modulus Young ¿Ã‚ ½s modulus, E can be defined as the ratio of the uniaxial stress over the uniaxial strain in the range of stress in which Hooke ¿Ã‚ ½s Law holds [6]. It is used to measure the stiffness of an isotropic elastic material. It also called as the modulus of elasticity, elastic modulus or tensile modulus. It can be represents the gradient of the straight line in a stress-strain curve. Since the calculation of Youngs modulus, E is equal to tensile stress dividing by tensile strain: E = the Youngs modulus (modulus of elasticity) (N/m ¿Ã‚ ½). F = the force applied to the object, (N). A0 = the original cross-sectional area through the force applied, (m ¿Ã‚ ½). ?L = the amount by which the length of the object changes, (m). L0 = the original length of the object, (m). 2.5 Material Selection The alluminium alloy (6063 t5) was selected in chassis shell eco challenge. Because the characteristic of alluminium simply enough to produce high quality chassis. In addition, Aluminium is remarkable for the metals low density and for its ability to resist corrosion due to the phenomenon of passivation. Structural components made from aluminium and its alloys are vital to the automotive industry and are important in other areas of transportation and structural materials. The most useful compounds of aluminium, at least on a weight basis, are the oxides and sulphates.  ¿Ã‚ ½Aluminum may be the majority of plentiful steel within the Earth ¿Ã‚ ½s brown crust area, and also the 3rd the majority of plentiful component, following air as well as silicon. This is the reason 8% through pounds from the Earth ¿Ã‚ ½s strong area. Because of simple avaibality, higher power in order to pounds percentage, simple machinability, long lasting, ductile as well as malleability aluminum may be the most favored non-ferrous steel within 2005 had been 31.9 million tonnes ¿Ã‚ ½ [3]. 2.5.1 Advantages of Aluminium Aluminium is very light metal with a specific weight of 2.7 gm/cm3, about a third that of steel. For example the use of aluminium in vehicles reduces dead- weight and energy consumption while increasing load capacity. Its strength can be adapted to the application required by modifying the composition of its alloys. The application of light weight, strong and long lasting aluminium alloy is shown in figure 2.3 and 2.4 [4]. actually creates the protecting oxide layer and is highly corrosion resistant. It is especially helpful for application where protection and conservation are necessary needed. The application of highly corrosion resistance aluminium alloy is shown in figure 1.3 and 2.5. [4]. Combining of aluminium and alloy will increased the strength and stiffness properties of aluminium compared to conventional metals and alloys. From the figure below can conclude that material aluminium have middle range of stiffness. In aspect of safety, the stress of chassis by using alluminium alloy in the high level safety. Alluminium alloy also can reduce the cost to build a racing car chassis. So far Alluminium alloy is the best material for the construction of vehicle chassis for Shell Eco-Marathon competition because many of benefits those have in combination of aluminium and alloys. The properties of alluminium alloy shown as in table 2.6 below. 3.0 Preparation for Finite Element Analysis (chassis) Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is designed to help an engineer to understand the physical events that occur on the chassis or beam of the vehicle within designated objects. These events are related to the action and interaction of phenomena such as deformation, distorsion, crack and deflection due to the chassis. Because of the capabilities of the FEA software, FEA software now is very popular among the design engineer to help them in reduces cost because the actual simulation can be done before the design is modelled especially in automotive and aeronautic industry. In this project, the purpose of FEA simulation was to simulate the chassis car vehicle model similarity to the real situation. In other side, FEA is used to study strength of the chassis vehicle, to obtain the deformation of the beam section and can get the critical point due to load that applied to the chassis. The strain, reaction and element force also can get by doing the FEA method. The Finite Element Analysis was simulated by using software SOLIDWORKS 2010. In order to create the 3-D drawing for this simulation, SOLIDWORKS 2010 is used to draw the chassis due to complicated shaped and smooth surface. Then continue to make the simulation and analysis towards the completed drawing. To carry out the 3-D analysis, the work was divided into following procedure: 1. Define type of study. 2. Create material defination. 3. Assign material properties. 4. Assign fixed geometry. 5. Apply the external loads. 6. Create mesh for the subject. 7. Process Analysis result. The sequences of simulation process are shown 3.1 Create Model of UiTM Shell Eco-Sprint Chassis by Using CAD Software The selection of the 3-D drawing for  ¿Ã‚ ½Uitm Shell Eco-Sprint ¿Ã‚ ½ car software is due to the capabilities and user friendly factor of the software. In the development of the 3-D drawing for  ¿Ã‚ ½Uitm Shell Eco-sprint ¿Ã‚ ½ car is done by using SOLIDWORKS 2010 software. The figures 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4 below show the isometric view, top view and side view of the  ¿Ã‚ ½Shell Eco-Sprint ¿Ã‚ ½ chassis. 3.2 Analysis using SOLIDWORKS 2010 Software 3.2.1 Step in the Finite Element Analysis There are seven important steps in the finite Element Analysis: i. Define type of study. This research focused on static study. Whenever a load to be put on the entire body, the body deforms and also the impact associated with lots is actually sent through the entire body. The actual exterior lots stimulate inner causes as well as responses in order to make your body right into a condition associated with balance [9]. The main subjects that calculated in static analysis are stress, strain, displacement and reaction forces from the loads that applied on chassis. The static stady is showing in figure 3.5. ii. Create material defination. Before running the analysis, the material of chassis must be defined. This is very important step because there have much of material optional that can be choosing. Every material has different value of properties depend on analysis type. For example the static analysis stady is required a specific modulus elasticity value. Figure 3.6 below show how to create material defination iii. Assign material properties. The material that selected in this analysis is Aluminium Alloys 6063-T5. There have the specific value for elestic modulus, poissons ratio, density and yield strength that will be use for the analysis. The material properties show in figure 3.7 below. iv. Assign fixed geometry. After the material was selected, the chassis will be set up the fixed point. The fixed point usually located at tyre holder. There have four fixed points to be set up in this analysis. Two points located by the side of front chassis and balance located at the back chassis as in figure 3.8. v. Apply the external loads. The main objective of the analysis is to observe the deformation of chassis. The deformation of chassis is caused by the force that applied toward the chassis. So, there have three external loads that involve in this analysis. The loads are illustrated as in figure 3.9 and figure 3.10. Load Criteria Force(N) vi. Create mesh for the subject. Then, the program subdivides the model into small pieces of simple shapes connected at common points. This step called meshing process and the figure 3.11 below illustrate how to create mesh type. After all procedure has done, the analysis will run to get the result of analysis. The results can be visualized after the analysis was completed. Those results of analysis consist of displacement, stress, strain, and factor of safety. 3.3 Analysis using ABAQUS 6.10 Software ABAQUS software can be a user-friendly non-linear specific aspect program code as it could manage the particular modeling treatments directly into web template modules. Each and every element includes related tools to perform a certain process. This analysis focused to determine the maximum load and deflection of the beam section due to the load applied. There have 8 modules that must be following in finite element analysis by using Abaqus software: i. Parts module ii. Property module iii. Assembly module iv. Step module v. Interaction Module vi. Load module vii. Mesh module viii. Load module 3.3.1 Parts module For the simulation analysis process, the model of beam will be simulated by using ABAQUS software. In order to run the simulation, the model will be imported into Geometry for model preparation. The 3-D model of tube hollow is constructing by using Solidwork2010 and converts to IGES file to be import into Abaqus 6.10. The figure 3.12 below show the part that imported will be in shell. The scale of import part will multiply it length by 0.001 because all dimensions in Abaqus are using in meter. The other parts that will involve in this analysis are two support span and the hammer that will contribute as force movement on the beam. Those parts were defined as discrete rigid geometry in 3-D modeling space in Abaqus workbench. The material that has chosen on this chassis is aluminium alloy 6063 (T5). The material properties of aluminium alloy for general or mechanical (plastic and elastic) were filled up in this step as in figure 3.13 below. Those properties that must be filled up are: I. Density II. Young ¿Ã‚ ½s modulus III. Poisson ¿Ã‚ ½s ratio IV. Yield stress V. Plastic stress be change to other value as in figure 3.14 below. Then the assign section will apply into the beam to locate the material properties and the thickness value. In this module, the references point that locates at tools menu must be created to all parts except the beam. Figure 3.13: Material manager step. For the section manager step, the beam parts will set as homogeneous type. This is very important step where the value of shell thickness will ditermine and can 3.2.3 Assembly module All parts that created before will assemble together in this module. The instance parts will create and the position of parts will adjust using coordinates and translation command. There must have surface contact between parts and beam as shown in figure 3.15 below. 3.2.4 Step module This analysis focused on dynamic and explicit procedure. The time period will set at 0.03s as in figure 3.16 below. The incrementation and mass scalling will be in default setting. There have history output request to be create for this analysis. First output will set up for the whole model and the output variable selection is energy as in figure 3.17 Then, the history output request for hammer only was set as second output. The rotations scope as in figure 3.18 below. The translational will define hammer movement by make x, y and z axis as references. output variables for the support part. Those outputs are reaction force and moment as in figure 3.19 below. The direction of the reaction will refer in x, y and z axis. 3.2.5 Interaction module General contact (explicit) was selected to analysis the contact behavior of the beam as in figure 3.20. Then the contact property will create as a friction. The tangentional behavior and friction formulation with type penalty was selected to characterize the contacts between the beams and hammer during analysis. The friction coefficient was set at 0.25 as in figure 3.21 to avoid sliding of the structure. 3.2.6 Load module The boundry condition is using to create a movement for every part. For the hammer, the displacement will set by 0.07m only in y-direction. The negative sign show the movement will in opposite of axis direction depend on the assembly model. The smooth step was selected for amplitude of movement as in figure 3.22. Besides, there have no movement for two support and was in fixed condition. So, the point for displacement and rotation remain zero for every direction and angle. 3.2.7 Mesh module Meshing step is the program that subdivides the model into small pieces of simple shapes connected at common points. The sizes of mesh are depending on seed size. For this analysis, the seed size of beam was set to 0.005m. Next, the element type is explicit and the structure technique was selected as technique of mesh control. Then, the step will go trough by select the instance region to be meshing as in figure 3.23. After procedure in Geometry and Meshing was complete, the model now ready to simulate in Setup software in order to solve the appropriate problem and visualization the result. The step involves in Setup software is to define the properties, the physical condition, and the visualization scene. 3.4 Experimentals Preparation This subtopic will introduce about the procedure preparation for tensile test and flexural test experiment. These two experiments are related with the analysis that have done by using CAD software. And the result of the experiment is used to make a comparison between the simulation results in Finite Element Analysis. The tensile test is probably the simplest and most widely used test to characterize the mechanical properties of a material. The setup for the test as described in this tutorial and as performed in the laboratory is based upon standards established by the American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM). The main purpose of tensile test experiment is to get stress and strain of material. From there, the graph of stress against strain will be constructing and can obtain the stress-strain curve. The young ¿Ã‚ ½s modulus directly defined by calculating the slope of the stress-strain curve. Than the experimental value of the young ¿Ã‚ ½s modulus can be compare to the analysis value that use in finite element analysis. 3.4.1 Material testing (Tensile Test) For the analysis beam, there will have a comparison between results of physical testing (tensile test) and FEA modelling result of the beam chassis. These steps are made in order to reduce any possible error due to analysis that have constructed. From the Abaqus software there has material input to define young ¿Ã‚ ½s Modulus. To prove the values of theses material properties as provided by the manufactures would hopefully reduce the error between modelled result and tested result for the chassis performance. So the young ¿Ã‚ ½s Modulus of alluminium alloy (6063 T5) can be calculated directly by doing tensile test experiment. The properties that measured from this experiment are ultimate tensile strength, maximum elongation and reduction in area. Beside that, those properties also can calculate possion ¿Ã‚ ½s ratio and yield strength of the materials. The figure 3.24 below show the schematic diagram of tensile test. 3.4.1.1 Sample preparation There have 5 samples that will contribute with tensile test experiment. The entire samples have same dimension and thickness. Because the only way to obtain the percise value is get the average result of the samples. All of the samples that will run trough this experiment are already in dog bone profile as shown in figure 3.25. 3.4.1.2 Method of Tensile Test Experiment. Firstly, the speciemens file is created and all the parameters were set-up before start the experiment. The speed that set in this tensile test experiment is 5mm/min. So the speciemens start to install in lower grip and leave upper grip open. Then close the upper grip until the speciemens perfectly grip with the upper and lower clamps as in figure 3.26. Then the experiment can be started by press  ¿Ã‚ ½start ¿Ã‚ ½ button until the test proceed through elastic range until yielding is clearly present on the scope. The main ojective of flexural testing is to determine parameters such as bend strength, yield strength in bending and elastic modulus. Regarding with the project, the flexural experiment is use to investigate response of metal when subjected to bending. Bending as well as flexure measurement can be widespread throughout along with brittle resources as their multifunction behaviors are generally linear including concretes, stones, woodlands, pockets, cups along with ceramics. Other designs involving brittle resources including powdered ingredients metallurgy highly processed mining harvests along with resources tend to be screened underneath a new transverse flexure. Bend over examination can be for that reason well suited for assessing energy involving brittle resources wherever model involving tensile examination response to a similar product can be tough on account of smashing involving specimens all-around specimen gripping. 3.4.2.1 Sample prep

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A group of British Boys, Marooned on an Island A group of British school-boys find themselves marooned on an island (perhaps in the Pacific Ocean). They were being transported by an aircraft from England to some safer country on account of a nuclear war which had broken out in Europe. When, on the way, the aircraft caught fire the pilot released the detachable passenger-tube carrying the school-boys. The passenger-tube crash-landed on this island, and most of the boys managed to come out of it although some were trapped in the passenger-tube which was soon carried away by the waves into the open sea and lost.At first the boys who have landed on the island get scattered but soon they are able to get together when one of the boys by the name Ralph, having discovered a conch-shell, happens to blow it. Ralph now suggests that the boys should have a chief to guide them and to direct their activities. A boy called Jack, who is the leader of a group of choir-boys, says that he should be acc epted as the chief because he is chapter-chorister and head boy and because he can sing C sharp.But Ralph says that the chief should be chosen by votes. As the majority of the boys are in favour of Ralph, Ralph declares himself as the duly elected chief. Ralph now frames certain rules regarding the holding of meetings of the boys and about the conduct of these meetings. He says that, if anyone wishes to address the assembly at any meeting, he should ask for the conch and should hold the conch in his hands. Ralph Elected as the Chief. His Constructive Suggestion A conflict now begins between Ralph and Jack.Ralph had allowed Jack to continue as the leader of his choir-boys. Jack had the designated his choir-boys as the â€Å"hunters†. Having seen pigs on the island, Jack makes plans to hunt down and kill them in order to obtain meat for boys who feel fed up with the fruit which they have to eat everyday to keep themselves alive and who are craving for meat. Jack is a boy of an adventurous spirit, and the desire to hunt pigs becomes an obsession with him. Jack now begins to hate Ralphs because Ralph’s priorities are different fromJack’s. Ralph insists on the maintenance of the fire and the smoke, while Jack is wholly occupied with the hunting of pigs. Jack, having proved quite successful in his hunting expeditions, has won the support of the majority of the big boys who have come to be known as the â€Å"Biguns†. Jack therefore becomes increasingly defiant towards Ralph. Ralph now develops a liking for piggy who becomes an ardent supporter of Ralph. Jack hates Piggy even more than he hates Ralph. A beast on the Mountain-TopOne morning Sam and Eric, who are twins and who had been put on duty one night to keep the fire burning, come in a state of deep perturbation from the mountain-top and tell Ralph and the others that they have seen a beast on the mountain-top and that the beast had tried to chase them in order to seize them. Ralph, Di splaced By Jack. Simon’s Hallucination In the course of one such expedition, Jack offers the head of a slain pig as a gift to the beast in the hope that would not harm him and his hunters.Simon at this time is at his usual hunt in the forest and witnesses the action of Jack and his hunters and his hunters in offering a gift to the beast. Simon, Killed by Jack’s Hunters Jack has now begun to adopt the primitive method of tribal leaders. He refers to his followers as his â€Å"tribe† and he keeps his face painted all the time with red clay, white clay, and charcoal, asking his followers also to paint their faces in the same way. He has also begun to encourage mock-hunts in the course of which the boys dance and sing and chant certain words relating to their hunting operations and their killing of pigs.Jack and his followers now become more and more callous, with the result that, in the course of one mock-hunt, Simon is killed by the hunters. The hunters, in their frenzied excitement, had taken Simon for the beast and had pounced upon him. Jack does not experience the least regret over Simon’s death. Later, Jack accompanied by a couple of his supporters, raids Ralphs camp and takes away Piggy’s spectacles because he and his supporters need the spectacles in order to light a fire every time they want to roast pig-meat.Jack had now become quite oblivious of the to rescued from island ; but Ralph and Piggy are filling constantly worried as to whether any rescue will come, especially now when the cannot light a fire a fire and keep it burning as a distress-signal to the sailors of a passing ship. Piggy, killed. Ralph’s Life in Danger Piggy feels distraught because, without his spectacles he cannot see anything. He therefore says that he would go to Jack and demand the return of his spectacles. Ralphs thereupon calls jack â€Å"a swine† and â€Å"a bloody thief†.There is an exchange of blows between of blows betw een Ralphs and Jack. Then Piggy speaks and, addressing Jack’s savages, urges them to follow a sensible course of action instead of living like primitive savages. At this point Roger, who has become as savage as Jack, releases a rock from above in order to kill piggy. The Savages’ Pursuit of Ralph. Ralph, saved Ralph hides himself in the forest. But a little later he sees the twins standing guard at the entrance to Jack den. In a state of panic he runs out of the forest towards the beach. He stumbles and falls down on the sand.Thinking that now there is no hope for him, he cries for mercy. On looking up, however, he sees a British naval officer in full uniform standing close to him. Thus Ralph’s life has been saved. The officer says that he would take all the boys home. Ralph now bursts into tears. His whole body is shaken by spasms of grief. He weeps at â€Å"the loss of innocence†, at â€Å"the darkness of man’s heart†, and at the thought o f the death of Piggy who was his true friend. Rescue had come, but two noble-minded and innocent boys have been killed in account of the brutality of jack.Evil had reigned supreme on the island for some time. The Allegorical Significance of the Story Golding wanted to demonstrate that the evil instincts in a human being would rise to the surface and assert themselves as soon as that human being has been liberated from the restraints of civilized. The majority of people in this world are inherently evil. Evil is ineradicable, and it asserts itself as soon as it finds a favourable climate. The favourable climate consists in the removal of the fear of law and in the removal of all those restraints which civilized life imposes upon human beings.